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Hiccups and Esophageal Cancer

Ian Eallard — Sat, 28 Aug 2010 02:23:24 +0000

Hiccups are recognized as a sign of esophageal cancer in U.S. Hiccups are caused mainly due to the involuntary spasm of the diaphragm. These hiccups can occur when a person eats the food too much or too quickly. Hiccups are also caused due to coughing and laughing among others. If the person has hiccups often along with pain and difficulty in swallowing, then these are the two main symptoms of esophageal cancer and should consult a doctor.

A hiccup is the involuntary, spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm and inspiratory muscles followed by sudden closure of glottis. The medical term for hiccup (singultus) came from the Latin word ‘singult’ which means catching one’s breathing while sobbing. Hiccups generally do not serve any useful function. A protective function served by the hiccup is that it prevents large food boluses from entering the gastro-intestinal tract.

Hiccups lasting for about 48 hours are considered to be acute. Rarely hiccups may be prolonged and these prolonged hiccups are termed persistent if they last longer than 48 hours and are termed intractable if they persist for more than a month.

For the patients with cancer in advanced stage, persistent hiccups will have a severe impact on their quality of life. The stopping of persistent hiccups is however a challenge for the healthcare people and also a benefit for the patients.

The hiccups may be due to overeating, eating too quickly, eating very hot or cold food, drinking alcohol and other carbonated beverages, due to excitement or stress. Though they are identified, exact cause is still unclear. Some of the other causes may be as follows

Psychogenic: May be due to hysteria, personality disorder or grief reaction.

Intra-abdominal: May be due to gastric distension, bowel obstruction, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatomegaly, ascites or gastro-intestinal bleeding.

Metabolic: Due to renal failure, hypocapnia, hypocalcaemia, hyponatraemia.

Iatrogenic: Surgical procedures such as abdominal or thoracic operations, neck extension during intubation and due to drugs such as midazolam, diazepam, megestrol acetate, methyl prednisolone, dexamethasone, morphine.

Central Nervous System: Head injury, encephalitis, intracranial tumor and cerebral vascular disease.

Intra-thoracic: Esophageal disorders such as reflex, obstruction, cancer, lung cancer, respiratory infection, myocardial infarction, hiatus hernia, mediastinal tumor and thoracic aneurysm.

The persistent hiccups may affect eating, talking, drinking and sleeping and may be much more serious for some people and due to this the patients may become fatigue, anxious or depressed. The consequences of persistent hiccups includes disturbed sleep, interrupted speech, pain, reduced oral intake, anxiety, fatigue, depression, reflux esophagitis and wound dehiscence.

A 56 year old man with metastatic small cell lung cancer, a persistent hiccup was refractory to classic treatments. The causative factors were liver metastases and hyponatraemia, neoplastic mediastinal involvement. Methylphenidate (MTP), a mild central nervous system (CNS) stimulant which was used for the treatment of hyperactivity disorder was started at a daily dose of 10mg. it was efficient and well tolerated. Also the report suggested that use of MTP in the treatment of intractable hiccup cancer is advantageous.

Natural Remedies:
There are certain natural remedies that offer a promising cure for esophageal cancer. Along with the natural remedies and a well-researched different diet pattern, a few simple adjustments to your lifestyle can make a huge difference to your efforts for prolonging the life for several years. You can increase your chances of surviving esophagus cancer now by trying these proven natural remedies discussed here

Improve your survival chances to a great extent. Beat the deadly disease with the help of natural remedies. Visit the promising natural cure for esophageal cancer to get rid of the killer disease completely.

German auto industry – Some of its early manufacturers

Carolin — Tue, 10 Aug 2010 09:08:00 +0000

Many consider Germany to be the birthplace of the automobile due to the fact that the inventors were both Germans – Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler. A new era was started by Karl Benz when he attached an engine designed by him to a coach.

The auto industry in Germany grew by leaps and bounds, and the number of automobiles produced per year was 900 by the year 1901. The development of auto industry during the Weimar Republic’s dying years was however slow. The American auto manufacturers saw this as an opportunity to enter the German auto market, which they did. General Motors successfully took over the German auto manufacturer Opel in the year 1929. During the same period a German subsidiary was set up by Ford Motor Company. Ford managed to maintain this subsidiary successfully.

The German companies were badly hit by the Great Depression. The number of auto manufacturers in Germany during the 1920s was 86. The Great Depression drastically cut this number down to twelve. Daimler-Benz, Opel, and a factory maintained by Ford Motor Company were some of the manufacturers who survived.

To battle the depression four auto manufacturers – Dampf-Kraft-Wagen, Horch, Audi, and Wanderer came together to form the Auto Union. This Auto Union actually helped to rejuvenate the German auto industry after the depression. Adolf Hitler also helped the German auto industry recover. He sought to legitimize his government by trying to raise the standard of living of the German people. The result was the Volkswagen project, which had the aim of building a car that was affordable by the German people.

The German auto industry has recovered and is today one of the best in the world.

Sharon comes from a family of car buffs. One of her hobbies is collecting information about cars. She owns a Chrysler Neon and a S10.

German auto industry and the Great Depression

Carolin — Mon, 09 Aug 2010 09:19:52 +0000

Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler are credited as the inventors of the automobile. Since both are German, many consider the automobile to be a German invention. In the year 1887 Benz set things in motion by attaching an engine he designed to a coach.

The German auto industry grew and by the year 1901 it was manufacturing around 900 automobiles every year. But during the final years of the Weimar Republic the growth of auto industry slowed down. This slow growth created a chance for the American auto manufacturers to enter the German Auto market. In the year 1929 Opel, a German auto manufacturer was bought by General Motors. Meanwhile Ford Motor Company set up a German subsidiary which it successfully maintained.

When the Great Depression came during the starting half of the 1930s, it hit the German auto industry very badly. During the 1920s the number of auto manufacturers in Germany was 86, but after the depression the number was drastically reduced to twelve. The companies that survived included Opel, Daimler-Benz, and a factory of Ford Motor Company that was located in Cologne.

During the period of the Great Depression, Auto Union was created. It was a joint venture between Audi, Wanderer, Dampf-Kraft-Wagen, and Horch. The Auto Union helped the German auto industry recuperate from the effects of the Great Depression. Another factor that enabled this recovery was the election of Adolf Hitler. He wanted to legitimize his government and to do this he needed to raise the standard of people living in Germany. So he conceived Volkswagen project. The aim of this project was to design and build an automobile that the common German folks could afford.

Today Germany is ranked among the top auto manufacturers in the world. This list includes U.S.A., Japan, and China.

James Sharon is a self declared auto buff particularly German. He owns a Volkswagen Passat that is his pride and joy. He also has a Ford Windstar.

Alcohol Rehab Center

Tom Thompson — Tue, 18 May 2010 19:29:44 +0000

The first step toward the hope of sanity and recovery is to call the information center at Pacific Hills. As a leading alcohol rehab center, Pacific Hills succeeds in the treatment of chronically relapsing alcoholics where other treatment approaches have failed.

Upon calling their counselors, a preliminary assessment is offered that will determine whether your loved one is eligible and ideal for their program. Upon entry, clients begin treatment with a medical and psychosocial assessment to determine if they have a medical condition or co-occurring disorder such as anxiety, depression, bipolar, etc. If medical conditions are present, the client will be referred to our consulting physician for further evaluation. Prescribed medications are often an important part of inpatient alcohol and drug treatment at an alcohol rehab center.

If the client shows signs of co-occurring disorders (psychiatric or medical issues), they will meet with our consulting psychiatrist and medical practitioners who will evaluate and continue to treat them as needed throughout their stay. Pacific Hills, as a dual-diagnosis alcohol rehab center, uses an integrated approach for clients with both addiction and mental health problems.

When clients complete the inpatient alcohol and drug treatment program at Pacific Hills, they are given the option to continue treatment for an additional four weeks in their Transitional Care Program. There, the client and their case manager continue to implement the comprehensive treatment plan they developed when the client first entered treatment. In Transitional Care, a program of the alcohol rehab center, the client continues their treatment and training in a semi-structured, sobriety-valued environment.

The staff of caring, skilled professionals administers the most sophisticated treatment available. Through lectures, workshops, group therapy and individual counseling, clients are educated about the psychological, physical, relational and spiritual implications of long-term substance abuse, and are given the tools of recovery needed to live a life of long-term sobriety. Each client is taught to effectively address emotional or psychological issues that might interfere with his or her recovery through group and individual counseling and psychotherapy. In addition, the staff helps each client determine and address their own unique relapse warning signs. Clients learn in our inpatient alcohol treatment and inpatient drug treatment how to identify and deal with high-risk situations that could threaten their newly found sobriety, causing relapse.

It starts with a phone call. Please call Pacific Hills, the premier alcohol rehab center, with your questions regarding inpatient alcohol treatment and inpatient drug treatment.

For more information on Alcohol Rehab Center visit Pacific Hills Treatment Centers

Dual Diagnosis Rehab

Derik Brian — Thu, 01 Apr 2010 16:49:37 +0000

Dual diagnosis rehab centers provide treatment for those suffering from dual diagnosis conditions, which is defined as psychiatric issues combined with substance abuse. Individuals suffering from dual disorders not only suffer from mental disorders that require immediate psychological help, but they are also suffering from substance abuse, which can cause deleterious effects.

The psychiatric issues commonly associated with dual diagnosis are depression, mania, bi- bipolar disorder, eating disorders, ADHD, compulsive /obsessive behaviors, and others. These issues are common amongst the substance abusing population. Symptoms of dual diagnosis often present in the early 20s or even earlier, when individuals are prone to become addicted to alcohol and/or drugs, due to emotional problems or peer pressure.

Bi-polar disorder is a mental health condition that is commonly associated with substance abuse. In fact, as much as 30% of drug dependents have symptoms of bipolar disorder.

Treatment

The majority of dual diagnosis rehab programs follows a therapy-based model of treatment, along with a 12–step program. Therapy-based approaches include extensive individual therapy, small group therapy, family therapy, and other complimentary therapies.

12-step modalities include the following and are proven to be useful in managing the addictive behavioral aspect of dual diagnosis:

Admitting powerlessness over dual disorder
Recognizing that higher power will be the source of healing
Making a personal decision to recover
Soul searching and deep reflection on the person’s end
Admitting faults and limitations as humans and surrendering to a Higher Power
Repenting
Asking for strength for recovery
Making a list of people harmed and hurt during the process of healing
Making amends to people hurt and harmed
Recognizing dual recovery and fixing personal relationships
Constantly praying and meditating
Spiritual awakening

Good dual diagnosis rehab programs integrate treatment that addresses the physical, spiritual, emotional, and psychological aspects of the individual. Medication management of the commonly prescribed psychotropic medications that minimize the symptoms of psychiatric conditions is a critical component in the dual diagnosis rehab treatment process.

For more information on Dual Diagnosis Rehab visit Miramar Rehab Center